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Extending the Clapper-Yule model to rough printing supports.

Mathieu Hébert¹, Roger David Hersch

¹Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland. mathieu.hebert@epfl.ch

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision

|October 11, 2005

Summary

The Clapper-Yule model, a spectral reflection model for halftone prints, was extended to account for rough surfaces. Surface roughness has a negligible impact on reflectance factors for most common papers.

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Area of Science:

Color Science
Optical Physics
Print Technology

Background:

The Clapper-Yule model is a classical spectral reflection model for halftone prints.
It accounts for internal reflections and light propagation in paper.
The model assumes a planar print surface, neglecting surface roughness.

Purpose of the Study:

To extend the Clapper-Yule model to account for rough printing surfaces.
To evaluate the influence of surface roughness on spectral reflectance.
To generalize the model for various paper types.

Main Methods:

Modeled the print surface as randomly oriented microfacets.
Incorporated shadowing effects and integrated over incident angles and facet orientations.
Generalized the Clapper-Yule model by considering rough interface transmittances.

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Main Results:

The influence of surface roughness on predicted reflectance factor is generally small.
Surface roughness has a negligible effect on coated, calendered, newsprint, and copy papers.
Roughness becomes significant only for very rough, thick, non-diffusing coatings.

Conclusions:

The classical Clapper-Yule model is sufficient for predicting halftone-print reflectance factors for most common papers.
The extended model provides a generalization for rough interfaces but shows minimal impact for typical applications.
Surface roughness is a significant factor only in specific, extreme coating scenarios.