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Relationship between skin acetone and blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in diabetes
Norio Yamane1, Takao Tsuda, Kazutoshi Nose
1Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Background:
Acetone is emitted from the skin and acetone concentrations correlate with blood beta-hydroxybutyrate.
Methods:
Skin acetone concentrations of 63 patients with diabetes and 32 control subjects were measured by cold trapping followed by gas chromatography.
Results:
Skin acetone concentrations of patients with diabetes (188+/-17 ppb; mean+/-SE) were significantly higher than those of the control subjects (87+/-10 ppb, p<0.01). There was no significant difference in skin acetone concentrations among patients with diabetes with regard to mode of treatment. Skin acetone concentrations were correlated with blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (r=0.669, p<0.01), blood glucose (r=0.608, p<0.01), and HbA1c (r=0.292, p<0.05) in patients with diabetes. Skin acetone concentration was high (940 ppb) in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, and it fell to 80 ppb after insulin therapy.
Conclusion:
Measurement of skin acetone can be used as a screening test for ketoacidosis provided the analytical methods and tools become simpler. Moreover, it could become a marker of diabetic control and of ketone production in diabetes and other ketogenic conditions.
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