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Adult traumatic brachial plexus injuries
Alexander Y Shin1, Robert J Spinner, Scott P Steinmann
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Hand Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|October 15, 2005
Summary
Adult traumatic brachial plexus injuries require careful evaluation and surgical intervention. Advances in microsurgery offer potential for restoring significant upper extremity function, including hand prehension.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Microsurgery
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Traumatic brachial plexus injuries in adults are increasing.
- These injuries significantly impair upper extremity function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the evaluation and surgical management of adult traumatic brachial plexus injuries.
- To discuss the critical factors influencing surgical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Patient evaluation includes sensory/motor assessment, imaging, and electrodiagnostic studies.
- Surgical techniques encompass neurolysis, nerve grafting, neurotization, and free muscle transfer.
Main Results:
- Outcomes are variable, influenced by patient selection, timing, and surgical approach.
- Successful restoration of elbow flexion, shoulder abduction, and hand prehension is achievable in some cases.
Conclusions:
- Improved understanding of nerve injury and repair, coupled with microsurgical advancements, enhances treatment efficacy.
- Restoration of useful hand function is a key goal in managing these complex injuries.
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