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Anticoagulants from marine algae.

D S McLellan1, K M Jurd

  • 1School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Portsmouth Polytechnic, UK.

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis : an International Journal in Haemostasis and Thrombosis
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
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Marine algae extracts possess anticoagulant properties, mainly due to sulphated polysaccharides. These compounds primarily act via heparin cofactor II (HCII) and also influence antithrombin III (ATIII).

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Anticoagulant properties were discovered in marine algae over 50 years ago.
  • More than 60 marine algae species across three divisions exhibit anticoagulant activity.
  • The active components are primarily sulphated polysaccharides, some with proteoglycan characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anticoagulant properties of marine algae.
  • To identify the active components responsible for these properties.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of anticoagulant action.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on marine algae extracts and their anticoagulant effects.
  • Analysis of the chemical nature of active compounds.

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  • Investigation of the interaction of these compounds with coagulation factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Sulphated polysaccharides and proteoglycans are the main active components.
    • These compounds exert anticoagulant effects primarily through heparin cofactor II (HCII).
    • Anticoagulant activity is also mediated by antithrombin III (ATIII) and direct antithrombin effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Marine algae are a significant source of natural anticoagulants.
    • Sulphated polysaccharides are key mediators of anticoagulant activity in these algae.
    • Understanding these mechanisms may lead to novel anticoagulant therapies.