Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2026

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
Published on: March 30, 2014
Survival of AIDS patients using two case definitions, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1986-2003
Dayse Pereira Campos1, Sayonara Rocha Ribeiro, Beatriz Grinsztejn
1Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. dayse@fiocruz.br
Background:
Recent studies have shown substantial increases in the survival of AIDS patients in developed countries and in Brazil as a result of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prophylaxis for opportunistic infections. This study compares survival rates using the Brazilian Ministry of Health 2004 and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 1993 case definitions in a large HIV/AIDS referral centre in Rio de Janeiro.
Methods:
Survival after AIDS diagnosis was assessed in a clinic-based cohort of 1415 individuals using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models.
Results:
There were 393 (88%) deaths from AIDS-related causes and 52 (12%) from unrelated or unknown causes. A total of 205 patients (14%) were lost to follow-up and 765 patients (55%) remained alive until the end of the study. Three-quarters of patients (75%) were still alive 22 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 19-26] after the AIDS diagnosis according to the CDC case definition and 31 months (95% CI 26-36) according to the Ministry of Health case definition. Independent predictors of survival included AIDS defined by CD4 cell count and any use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, with either case definition, and initial stage of the case, with the Ministry of Health case definition.
Conclusion:
Survival observed in this reference centre is comparable or longer than other international studies, although the choice of case definition criterion influenced findings. Adoption of the Ministry of Health case definition may enhance the ability to track the use of and outcomes from ART among AIDS patients.
Related Concept Videos
Retrovirus Life Cycles
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

