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Acute phase reaction and acute phase proteins.

E Gruys1, M J M Toussaint, T A Niewold

  • 1Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. e.gruys@vet.uu.nl

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B
|October 28, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Acute phase proteins (APPs) are useful biomarkers for assessing animal health and disease. Combining positive and negative APPs into an index improves diagnostic accuracy for identifying sick animals.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Biochemistry
  • Animal Health Monitoring

Background:

  • The systemic acute phase reaction involves cytokines and hepatic metabolic changes.
  • Acute phase proteins (APPs) are classified as positive or negative, with distinct functions and associated pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of acute phase proteins in assessing animal health.
  • To explore the potential of an acute phase index for improved disease detection.
  • To identify technological needs for simultaneous APP analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the acute phase reaction and APPs.
  • Discussion of the utility of single APPs versus combined APP indices.
  • Exploration of emerging technologies for multiplexed APP analysis.

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Main Results:

  • APPs are valuable, albeit non-specific, markers for animal health assessment.
  • An acute phase index combining positive and negative APPs enhances disease identification compared to single analytes.
  • Current methods for simultaneous APP analysis are lacking in cost-effectiveness and ease of use.

Conclusions:

  • An acute phase index offers statistically sound results for culling decisions.
  • Protein microarray or microchip technologies could enable simultaneous analysis of multiple APPs.
  • Advancements in multiplexed APP analysis hold promise for improving animal and human health globally.