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Related Experiment Videos

Molluscicidal evaluation of three common plants from India.

Ajay Singh1, Sunil Kumar Singh

  • 1Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009 (U.P.), India. Ajay_s@sancharnet.in

Fitoterapia
|October 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Aqueous extracts from Thevetia peruviana, Alstonia scholaris, and Euphorbia pulcherrima show potential for controlling freshwater snails. While toxic to fish at high doses, snail extracts did not harm fish in mixed populations.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Ethnobotany
  • Aquatic Ecology

Background:

  • Freshwater snails like Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus are significant agricultural and disease vectors.
  • Current molluscicides pose environmental risks, necessitating the search for safer alternatives.
  • Traditional knowledge suggests the use of plant-derived compounds for pest control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the molluscicidal activity of aqueous latex extracts from three plant species against harmful freshwater snails.
  • To assess the safety of these extracts for non-target aquatic organisms, specifically freshwater fish.
  • To determine the potential of these plant extracts for eco-friendly snail and mollusc pest management.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of aqueous latex extracts from Thevetia peruviana, Alstonia scholaris, and Euphorbia pulcherrima.

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  • Testing the toxicity of these extracts against adult specimens of Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus.
  • Assessing the impact of the extracts on freshwater fish (Channa punctatus) in both individual and mixed snail-fish populations.

    • Main Results:

    • The aqueous extracts of all three plant species exhibited significant molluscicidal activity against Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus.
    • High concentrations of the plant latices were lethal to the freshwater fish Channa punctatus.
    • Crucially, the lethal concentration 90 (LC90) for Lymnaea acuminata did not cause mortality in Channa punctatus within 24 hours in mixed populations.

    Conclusions:

    • The studied plant latex extracts possess potent molluscicidal properties effective against harmful freshwater snails.
    • These extracts demonstrate a degree of selectivity, being less toxic to fish at concentrations effective against snails, suggesting potential for integrated pest management.
    • Thevetia peruviana, Alstonia scholaris, and Euphorbia pulcherrima extracts represent promising candidates for developing environmentally benign molluscicides for aquatic pest control.