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Horizontal transmission of the Leningrad-3 live attenuated mumps vaccine virus

A V Atrasheuskaya1, A A Neverov, S Rubin

  • 1Laboratory of Immunology Safety, Institute of Molecular Biology, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region 630559, Russia. ignat@vector.nsc.ru

Vaccine
|November 4, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Symptomatic mumps transmission occurred from healthy Leningrad-3 vaccinees to vaccinated contacts. The Leningrad-3 (L-3) mumps vaccine virus was shed and horizontally transmitted, even to previously vaccinated individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Mumps is a contagious viral illness preventable by vaccination.
  • The Leningrad-3 (L-3) mumps vaccine is widely used.
  • Understanding vaccine virus transmission is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate symptomatic transmission of the Leningrad-3 mumps vaccine virus.
  • To determine if the vaccine virus can spread from vaccinated individuals to contacts.
  • To assess serological evidence of infection in contacts.

Main Methods:

  • Collected throat swab and serum samples from symptomatic cases and contacts.
  • Performed RT-PCR for mumps virus detection.
  • Assessed serum IgG and IgM antibodies, IgG avidity, and neutralizing antibodies.
  • Sequenced F, SH, and HN genes to identify the virus strain.

Main Results:

  • Six symptomatic mumps cases and three contacts tested positive for mumps by RT-PCR.
  • Genomic sequencing confirmed the virus was identical to the L-3 mumps vaccine strain.
  • Serological evidence of mumps infection was found in asymptomatic contacts.

Conclusions:

  • The Leningrad-3 mumps vaccine virus can be shed and transmitted horizontally.
  • Transmission occurred from healthy vaccinees to previously vaccinated contacts.
  • Vaccine virus shedding and transmission highlight the need for continued surveillance.

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