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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Propionibacterium acnes is increasingly recognized as a pathogen, not merely a contaminant.
  • Infections caused by P. acnes can be challenging to diagnose and treat.
  • Prosthetic valve endocarditis is a serious complication of cardiac surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Propionibacterium acnes.
  • To highlight the diagnostic methods used to identify P. acnes in this clinical setting.
  • To emphasize the role of P. acnes as an emerging human pathogen.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of prosthetic valve endocarditis.
  • Identification of the causative pathogen using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
  • Confirmation of persistent bacteremia using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns.

Main Results:

  • Propionibacterium acnes was identified as the causative agent of prosthetic valve endocarditis.
  • 16S rRNA sequencing provided accurate pathogen identification.
  • RAPD patterns confirmed persistent bacteremia, aiding in diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Propionibacterium acnes can cause severe infections like prosthetic valve endocarditis.
  • Molecular techniques such as 16S rRNA sequencing and RAPD are valuable for diagnosing P. acnes infections.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering P. acnes as a potential pathogen in clinical practice.