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Antiphospholipid antibodies--our experience
Anuradha Srikrishna1, S Sitalakshmi, Shanthala Devi
1Department of Clinical Pathology, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|November 22, 2005
Summary
Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) increase thrombotic risk. Testing for APA is crucial in recurrent pregnancy loss, thrombosis without risk factors, and SLE patients to guide anticoagulant therapy.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Obstetrics
Background:
- Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) are implicated in various clinical conditions.
- Multispeciality interest in APA necessitates clear diagnostic guidelines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of simple coagulation tests and ELISA for detecting lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL).
- To determine the prevalence of APA in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss, thrombosis, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).
Main Methods:
- Study included 200 cases evaluated for APA.
- Lupus anticoagulant (LA) detection utilized simple coagulation tests.
- Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were detected using ELISA.
Main Results:
- LA positivity was 4.16% and aCL positivity was 20.8% in recurrent pregnancy loss cases.
- LA positivity rates were 6.2% in venous thrombosis, 7.14% in arterial thrombosis, and 58.3% in SLE patients.
- Significant association between APA and thrombotic events observed.
Conclusions:
- APA testing is recommended for patients with recurrent pregnancy loss.
- Consider APA in young individuals (<45 years) with unexplained thrombosis.
- APA screening is vital in SLE patients to assess and manage thrombotic risk.