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Validity and reliability of the glottal function index.

Kevin K Bach1, Peter C Belafsky, Kathleen Wasylik

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, Calif, USA.

Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery
|November 23, 2005
PubMed
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The Glottal Function Index (GFI) is a reliable, brief tool for assessing voice disorders. It accurately measures symptom improvement after treatment for conditions like glottal insufficiency and spasmodic dysphonia.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Voice disorders significantly impact quality of life.
  • Accurate assessment tools are crucial for effective treatment.
  • Existing instruments may lack brevity or ease of use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a new symptom-focused instrument, the Glottal Function Index (GFI), for patients with voice disorders.
  • To assess the reliability and validity of the GFI.
  • To compare the GFI with the established Voice Handicap Index (VHI).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, nonrandomized study at an academic tertiary care hospital.
  • Involved 40 patients each with glottal insufficiency, adductor spasmodic dysphonia, nodules, and granuloma, plus 40 controls.

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  • Validated the GFI using Pearson correlation for reproducibility and comparison with VHI, and paired-samples t-tests for pre- and post-therapy changes.

    • Main Results:

    • The GFI demonstrated good reproducibility (correlation coefficient=0.56) and strong correlation with VHI (0.61).
    • Significant improvements in GFI scores were observed post-therapy across all patient groups (glottal insufficiency, nodules, spasmodic dysphonia, granuloma).
    • GFI scores were significantly elevated in patients compared to controls and reduced significantly after treatment (P<.05).

    Conclusions:

    • The Glottal Function Index (GFI) is a reliable, reproducible, and brief (4-item) self-administered tool.
    • It possesses excellent criterion-based and construct validity.
    • The GFI is a valuable addition for evaluating and managing patients with glottal dysfunction due to its simplicity and effectiveness.