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[Implantable artificial heart].

Chisato Nojiri1

  • 1Terumo Heart Inc, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Nihon Geka Gakkai Zasshi
|November 25, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Global donor heart shortages are increasing the need for artificial hearts. Despite biocompatibility challenges, advanced artificial heart pumps offer a promising alternative to transplantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Device Development

Background:

  • Declining heart transplant rates worldwide necessitate alternative therapies.
  • Artificial hearts have undergone extensive development over 50 years.
  • Biocompatibility issues like thrombosis and infection remain significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and current status of artificial heart technology.
  • To highlight the shift in artificial heart design principles.
  • To assess the potential of modern artificial hearts as alternatives to transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical development and clinical availability of artificial hearts.
  • Analysis of design principles, from volumetric pumps to axial/centrifugal flow pumps.
  • Evaluation of technological advancements impacting artificial heart design.

Main Results:

  • Over 20 types of artificial hearts are clinically available, ranging from pneumatic to battery-powered devices.
  • Development has shifted from natural heart mimicry to simpler, smaller axial or centrifugal flow pumps.
  • Technological progress is enabling a new generation of artificial heart pumps.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial hearts are becoming a viable alternative to heart transplantation due to donor organ scarcity.
  • Modern artificial heart pump designs offer improved simplicity and compactness.
  • Continued technological advancements are crucial for overcoming existing limitations and enhancing patient outcomes.

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