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[Prion diseases as zoonosis].

Motohiro Horiuchi1

  • 1Laboratory of Prion Diseases, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. horiuchi@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp

Uirusu
|November 26, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) are zoonotic risks. Continued surveillance, material removal, and improved prion detection are vital for prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine and Public Health
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Food Safety

Context:

  • Prion diseases, including bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), pose zoonotic risks, as exemplified by variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) identified in 1996.
  • BSE became a significant public health concern in Japan following its first confirmed case in 2001.
  • While BSE and vCJD incidence show declining trends in some regions, concerns persist regarding international spread, transmission via blood transfusion, and emergence in new geographical areas.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the ongoing zoonotic threat of prion diseases like BSE and vCJD.
  • To emphasize the necessity of robust control measures for preventing the spread of BSE.
  • To underscore the need for enhanced diagnostic capabilities and therapeutic strategies for human prion diseases.

Summary:

  • Prion diseases, such as BSE, are recognized zoonoses, with vCJD emerging in 1996.
  • Despite declining incidence in some areas, BSE poses risks through international spread and potential transmission routes like blood transfusion.
  • Effective prevention requires continued BSE surveillance, removal of specified risk materials, stringent feed regulations, improved prion detection sensitivity, and development of human prion disease therapeutics.

Impact:

  • Strengthened surveillance and regulatory frameworks are crucial for mitigating the risk of BSE transmission.
  • Advancements in prion detection sensitivity are essential for safeguarding blood supply and medical products.
  • The development of effective therapeutics for human prion diseases remains a critical unmet medical need.

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