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[Koi herpesvirus disease].

Takaji Iida1, Motohiko Sano

  • 1Aquatic Animal Health Division, National Research Institute of Aquaculture Fisheries Research Agency, Mie, Japan. takaji@fra.affrc.go.jp

Uirusu
|November 26, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease causes significant carp mortality worldwide, first detected in Japan in 2003. This viral disease impacts carp populations and requires specific temperature management for control.

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Area of Science:

  • Aquatic animal health
  • Virology
  • Ichthyology

Context:

  • Koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease is a significant threat to carp aquaculture and wild populations.
  • First identified in Japan in 2003, KHV has spread globally, causing substantial economic losses.
  • KHV affects only carp (Cyprinus carpio), with goldfish remaining resistant.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of Koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease in carp.
  • To describe the epidemiology, clinical signs, and environmental factors influencing KHV outbreaks.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods and ongoing research for KHV control.

Summary:

  • KHV disease emerged in the late 1990s and spread rapidly, causing mass mortality in Japanese carp since 2003.
  • Clinical signs include lethargy, sunken eyes, and gill necrosis, with optimal disease temperatures between 18-23°C.
  • Diagnosis relies on epidemiology, signs, and PCR detection; high temperatures can cure but create carriers, while low temperatures prevent immunity.

Impact:

  • KHV disease has devastated carp populations across Japan, affecting 42 out of 47 prefectures.
  • Understanding temperature-dependent disease dynamics is crucial for managing outbreaks and preventing recurrence.
  • Ongoing vaccine development aims to enable the restart of carp culture in contaminated areas.

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