Splints and accessories following burn reconstruction

Splints, exercise, traction, and compression garments are commonly accepted methods to minimize disabling scar formation. Although burn rehabilitation treatment has improved over the past 10 years, there is still no overnight cure for scars and contracture. The extent and depth of the burn injury, emotional strength and patience of the burn victim, and support systems available play an important role in scar treatment. Scar contracture is a frustrating complication for the recovering patient and burn team. Surgical reconstruction to correct functional impairment is often needed before wound maturation is complete. Splints are usually part of the postoperative treatment plan. When this is the case, patient understanding, compliance, motivation, and comfort are important to assure splint effectiveness. The treatments reviewed are specific for scar contracture limiting function of the upper body. Although they were presented as treatment of neck, mouth, axilla, and hand contractures, many of the principles and materials can be used after burn reconstruction of the lower extremities. Regardless of the area treated, assessment of patients is important to determine their specific needs in splint design.