[Histological study of human lingual tonsil, especially changes with aging].

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Anatomy
• Histology

Context:

• The lingual tonsil is part of Waldeyer's tonsillar ring, an important immunological structure.
• Limited research exists on lingual tonsil changes with aging compared to other tonsils.
• Understanding lingual tonsil aging is crucial for immunological studies.

Purpose:

• To investigate the qualitative and quantitative changes in the lingual tonsil associated with aging.
• To analyze gross and histological findings in relation to age and sex.
• To determine the functional activity patterns of the lingual tonsil throughout life.

Summary:

• Qualitative analysis revealed lingual tonsil shapes (flat, prominent, hypertrophic) and lymphatic tissue types (isolated diffuse, adhesive converged, independent converged).
• Connective tissue and elastic fiber hyperplasia increased with age, particularly after the 6th decade.
• Quantitative analysis showed peaks in lingual tonsil and lymphatic tissue area in the 2nd and 5th decades, with altered ratios and increased crypt area from the 4th decade.

Impact:

• The lingual tonsil exhibits transient activity in the 1st-2nd decades, becomes more active from the 4th-5th decades, and shows decreased function after the 6th decade, though activity persists in the elderly.
• Findings highlight sex-based differences in lingual tonsil development before the 4th decade.
• This study provides a detailed understanding of lingual tonsil aging, contributing to the field of immunology and age-related tissue changes.