Osseous response following resective therapy with piezosurgery.

Area of Science:

• Periodontal therapy
• Oral surgery
• Biomaterials and tissue engineering

Background:

• Periodontal resective therapy aims to restore the periodontium.
• Traditional instruments like carbide burs (CB) and diamond burs (DB) are commonly used for ostectomy and osteoplasty.
• Assessing the impact of surgical instrumentation on bone regeneration is crucial for treatment success.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of a piezoelectric surgical instrument (PS) in periodontal resective therapy.
• To compare the osseous repair and remodeling potential of PS against CB and DB.
• To determine the long-term effects of different instruments on bone levels and periodontal regeneration.

Main Methods:

• A dog model was used to assess postoperative wound healing following surgical ostectomy and osteoplasty.
• The study compared bone healing rates at baseline and 14, 28, and 56 days post-surgery.
• Surgical sites were treated with either a piezoelectric instrument (PS), a carbide bur (CB), or a diamond bur (DB).

Main Results:

• Surgical sites treated with CB or DB showed bone loss by day 14, while PS sites exhibited bone gain.
• By day 28, all instruments promoted increased bone levels and regeneration of cementum and periodontal ligament.
• By day 56, CB and DB sites demonstrated bone loss, whereas PS sites continued to show bone gain, indicating superior long-term osseous repair.

Conclusions:

• The piezoelectric surgical instrument (PS) demonstrated more favorable osseous repair and remodeling compared to CB and DB.
• PS shows potential efficacy for use in osseous surgery, promoting better bone regeneration.
• Ultrasonic instrumentation may offer advantages in periodontal resective therapy for enhanced bone healing.