Rosiglitazone protects human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity
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Protocol for the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mixed Cultures of Neurons and Glia for Neurotoxicity Testing
Published on: June 9, 2017
Tae Woo Jung1, Ji Young Lee, Wan Sub Shim
1The Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Acetaldehyde, an inhibitor of mitochondrial function, has been widely used as a neurotoxin because it elicits a severe Parkinson's disease-like syndrome with elevation of the intracellular reactive oxygen species level and apoptosis. Rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist, has been known to show various non-hypoglycemic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and anti-apoptotic. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of rosiglitazone on acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and attempted to examine its mechanism. Acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis was moderately reversed by rosiglitazone treatment. Our results suggest that the protective effects of rosiglitazone on acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis may be ascribed to ability to induce the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes and to regulate Bcl-2 and Bax expression. These data indicate that rosiglitazone may provide a useful therapeutic strategy for the prevention of progressive neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease.
Insights
Rosiglitazone protects against acetaldehyde-induced cell death, a model for Parkinson's disease. This neuroprotective effect involves boosting antioxidant enzymes and regulating cell death proteins, suggesting therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acetaldehyde is a neurotoxin that induces Parkinson's disease-like symptoms by increasing reactive oxygen species and apoptosis.
- Rosiglitazone, a PPAR-gamma agonist, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and anti-apoptotic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of rosiglitazone against acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of rosiglitazone's neuroprotective action.
Main Methods:
- Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with acetaldehyde to induce apoptosis.
- Cells were subsequently treated with rosiglitazone to assess its protective effects.
- Expression levels of antioxidant enzymes, Bcl-2, and Bax were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Rosiglitazone treatment moderately reversed acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
- Rosiglitazone enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes.
- The drug modulated the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins.
Conclusions:
- Rosiglitazone demonstrates neuroprotective effects against acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis.
- These protective effects are mediated by the induction of antioxidant enzymes and regulation of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax).
- Rosiglitazone may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease.
