Who returns to work after heart transplantation?

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Transplantation Medicine
• Rehabilitation Science

Background:

• Limited data exists on the work history of heart transplant patients.
• A longitudinal study examined work history and return to work in 237 heart transplant patients.
• Patient demographics included 81% male, 89% white, mean age 54, and 13 years of education.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the work history of heart transplant patients.
• To identify factors associated with return to work one year after heart transplantation.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Work History tool, Quality of Life Index, and other validated instruments.
• Employed frequency distributions, chi-square, t-tests, and stepwise regression for analysis.
• Included chart review for comprehensive data collection.

Main Results:

• Work status increased from 17% pre-transplant to 26% at one year post-transplant (p=0.003).
• Non-working patients experienced more hospitalizations, physical disability, and symptom distress.
• Key factors for return to work included better functional ability, higher education, and fewer complications.

Conclusions:

• Clinical and demographic variables significantly impact return to work post-heart transplant.
• Understanding these factors aids healthcare teams in supporting patients' employment.
• This knowledge can improve vocational rehabilitation strategies for heart transplant survivors.