Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Statistical Significance01:37

Statistical Significance

Once data is collected from both the experimental and the control groups, a statistical analysis is conducted to find out if there are meaningful differences between the two groups. A statistical analysis determines how likely any difference found is due to chance (and thus not meaningful). In psychology, group differences are considered meaningful, or significant, if the odds that these differences occurred by chance alone are 5 percent or less. Stated another way, if we repeated this...
Spearman's Rank Correlation Test01:20

Spearman's Rank Correlation Test

Spearman's rank correlation test, also known as Spearman's rho, is a nonparametric method for assessing the strength and direction of association between two variables. This test is particularly valuable when the data distribution is unknown or when the assumption of normality does not hold. Named after the English psychologist and statistician Dr. Charles Edward Spearman, it serves as the nonparametric counterpart to Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Spearman's test calculates correlation by...
Introduction to R01:11

Introduction to R

R is a powerful software environment for statistical computing and graphics. Originating as an implementation of the S language, developed at Bell Laboratories, R has evolved into a robust, open-source statistical software favored by statisticians and data scientists worldwide. Its comprehensive suite includes data manipulation, calculation, and graphical display capabilities, making it versatile for data analysis and visualization. Its programming language is at the core of R's functionality,...
Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence01:23

Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale...
Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The role of religious values in coping with cancer.

Journal of religion and health·2013
Same author

Adult maturational processes and the facilitating environment.

Journal of religion and health·2013
Same author

Interobserver agreement, intraobserver reliability, and the Rorschach Comprehensive System.

Journal of personality assessment·2000
Same author

Behavioral science foundations of the Rorschach test: research and clinical applications.

Assessment·1999
Same author

Editor's note: series Coda.

Journal of personality assessment·1996
Same author

Return to the source: Rorschach's psychodiagnostics.

Journal of personality assessment·1996

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm
06:43

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm

Published on: July 26, 2013

Statistical power and the Rorschach: 1975-1991.

M W Acklin1, C J McDowell, S Orndoff

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA.

Journal of Personality Assessment
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Rorschach Inkblot Test research often lacks statistical power, hindering reliable findings. Improving study designs, like increasing sample sizes, is crucial for consistent results in psychological assessments.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychometrics
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The Rorschach Inkblot Test faces ongoing debate regarding its fundamental nature and psychometric validity.
  • Statistical power, a key concept in research, has been largely overlooked in Rorschach studies.
  • Inconsistent research findings have fueled decades of controversy and criticism surrounding the Rorschach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and discuss the concept of statistical power within the context of Rorschach research.
  • To conduct a power survey of Rorschach literature published between 1975 and 1991.
  • To assess the power of Rorschach research to detect various effect sizes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive power survey was conducted on 158 Rorschach articles published in eight prominent psychology journals.

More Related Videos

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
08:09

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood

Published on: February 11, 2017

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm
06:43

The Crossmodal Congruency Task as a Means to Obtain an Objective Behavioral Measure in the Rubber Hand Illusion Paradigm

Published on: July 26, 2013

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
08:09

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood

Published on: February 11, 2017

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

  • Statistical power was calculated for 2,300 individual statistical tests reported in the selected literature.
  • Power was analyzed for detecting small (.13), medium (.56), and large (.85) effect sizes.

    • Main Results:

    • Rorschach research, similar to broader behavioral science, is significantly underpowered to detect the effects under investigation.
    • The study found power levels of .13 for small, .56 for medium, and .85 for large effect sizes.
    • Research utilizing the Comprehensive System for the Rorschach demonstrated comparatively higher statistical power.

    Conclusions:

    • Underpowered research in the Rorschach field contributes to inconsistent findings and ongoing controversies.
    • Recommendations for enhancing Rorschach research power include larger sample sizes and parametric statistics.
    • Strengthening study designs and reporting practices is essential for advancing the validity and reliability of Rorschach research.