[Primary central nervous system lymphoma in immunocompetent patients]

Primary central nervous system lymphoma has been traditionally described in patients with immunodeficiency syndromes; however, there is an increasing number of immunocompetent patients with this type of tumor that have been reported recently. In this paper we have retrospectively analyzed 22 immunocompetent patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary lymphoma of the brain. The mean age in this group was 65 years with a similar male/female ratio. The time of evolution of the clinical course was 80.4 days and it was mainly characterized by headache and focal neurological deficit. In four patients multiple lesions were observed, while the remaining presented single lesions mainly located in the periventricular area of the cerebral hemispheres. All patients were initially administered steroids and a stereotactic biopsy was performed. The majority of tumors were histologically classified as diffuse large cells and all of them showed a positive reaction to B-cells antigens on immunohistochemistry. All patients were treated with radiotherapy and in 10 of them, chemotherapy with methotrexate was also indicated. The mean survival rate was II months among patients treated with radiotherapy alone and increased to 36 months when chemotherapy was added.