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Wavelength references for interferometry in air.

Richard W Fox1, Brian R Washburn, Nathan R Newbury

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA. richard.fox@nist.gov

Applied Optics
|December 31, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Precise cavity-mode wavelengths in air are determined by calibrating laser frequency in vacuum and correcting for environmental factors. This method achieves high repeatability for accurate wavelength determination in optical cavities.

Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Optical Physics
  • Laser Interferometry

Background:

  • Accurate determination of cavity-mode wavelengths is crucial for precision measurements.
  • Environmental factors like pressure and temperature significantly affect optical cavity modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for determining cavity-mode wavelengths in air with high accuracy and repeatability.
  • To quantify the impact of environmental corrections and material aging on wavelength stability.

Main Methods:

  • Laser frequency measurement locked to a cavity mode in vacuum.
  • Correction of mode wavelength for atmospheric pressure, temperature, and material aging.
  • Utilizing a Zerodur ring cavity for stable optical resonator performance.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated repeatability of +/- 2 x 10(-8) (3sigma) using a Zerodur ring cavity.
  • Wavelength accuracy limited to +/- 4 x 10(-8) due to uncertainties in helium gas temperature during pressure calibration.
  • Mirror cleaning showed minimal perturbation (< 3 x 10(-9)) on mode frequency, limited by temperature correction residuals.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a reliable approach for precise cavity-mode wavelength determination in air.
  • Environmental factor corrections are essential for achieving high accuracy in optical metrology.
  • The stability of the Zerodur ring cavity and the robustness of the correction method are confirmed.