Urinary marker for oxidative stress in kidneys in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats

Establishment of non-invasive urinary biomarkers for the prediction of acute renal failure (ARF) is important. We evaluated whether urinary oxidative stress markers reflect intrarenal oxidative stress in cisplatin (CDDP)-induced ARF, and whether these markers can be used for the prediction of future ARF.

Urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured up to day 14 post-CDDP (6 mg/kg) injection in rats. MDA and 8-OHdG expressions were examined in kidneys.

CDDP induced an increase in serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and tubular damage at day 5, increased urinary MDA excretion and MDA expression in kidneys at day 1 (but returned to basal values by day 3), increased urinary excretion of 8-OHdG at day 5 till day 14 (though the number of 8-OHdG-positive tubular cells increased at day 5 and then gradually decreased). Urinary MDA levels at day 1 correlated significantly with Scr (rho = 0.721, P < 0.01) and tubular damage score (rho = 0.840, P < 0.01) at day 5.

Our findings demonstrated divergent changes of urinary oxidative stress markers in CDDP-induced ARF, and suggested that urinary MDA may be a useful marker for the prediction of the development of CDDP-induced ARF.