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The midtarsal joint locking mechanism.

C Brian Blackwood1, Tracy J Yuen, Bruce J Sangeorzan

  • 1Department of Veterans Affairs RRD Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.

Foot & Ankle International
|January 5, 2006
PubMed
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The midtarsal joint

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • The midtarsal joint, comprising talo-navicular and calcaneocuboid joints, is crucial for foot flexibility and rigidity during gait.
  • Its precise locking mechanism remains incompletely quantified.
  • This study investigates how hindfoot position affects midfoot and forefoot mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the midtarsal joint's locking mechanism.
  • To compare the effects of hindfoot inversion and eversion on midfoot and forefoot mobility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Polhemus Fastrak electromagnetic sensors to measure motion in nine cadaver feet.
  • Recorded motion of tibia, talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and metatarsals.
  • Assessed forefoot range of motion (dorsiflexion/plantarflexion, inversion/eversion) with hindfoot in maximal inversion and eversion.

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Main Results:

  • Increased sagittal plane motion of metatarsals (1st, 2nd, 5th) observed during maximal calcaneal eversion compared to inversion (p<0.007).
  • No significant difference in forefoot inversion/eversion range of motion between hindfoot positions.
  • Hindfoot position significantly influences forefoot sagittal plane mobility.

Conclusions:

  • Forefoot motion is demonstrably influenced by hindfoot position via the midtarsal joint.
  • Increased sagittal plane range of motion in metatarsals occurs when the hindfoot is in valgus (everted).