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Temperature-sensitive host range mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2.

R W Koment, F Rapp

    Journal of Virology
    |April 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) show host-specific replication defects. These HSV-2 mutants require a functional host cell factor present in rabbit kidney cells but absent in hamster embryo fibroblast cells for replication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Herpesviruses exhibit diverse infection mechanisms within host cells.
    • Understanding early viral events is crucial for characterizing virus-host interactions.
    • Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) serves as a model for studying viral pathogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate early events determining virus-host cell interaction.
    • To establish a system for analyzing temperature-sensitive mutants of HSV-2.
    • To identify host cell factors influencing HSV-2 replication.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of four temperature-sensitive HSV-2 mutants.
    • Assessment of viral replication and cytopathic effects in hamster embryo fibroblast (HEF) cells at 39°C.
    • Complementation studies to identify temperature-sensitive viral functions.
    • Replication assays in rabbit kidney (RK) cells at 39°C.

    Main Results:

    • Four HSV-2 mutants failed to induce cytopathic effects or replicate in HEF cells at 39°C.
    • At least one mutant demonstrated a virus DNA-negative phenotype.
    • Intracellular complementation confirmed temperature-sensitive viral functions.
    • All mutants replicated efficiently in RK cells at 39°C, indicating host-range properties.

    Conclusions:

    • The isolated HSV-2 mutants are temperature-sensitive.
    • These mutants exhibit host-range specificity, requiring a functional host cell factor absent in HEF cells.
    • A specific host cell function, present in RK cells but not HEF cells at 39°C, is essential for mutant replication.

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