[Calcium intake and cardiovascular diseases].

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular epidemiology
• Nutritional science
• Public health

Context:

• Numerous studies have investigated the link between calcium intake and cardiovascular diseases.
• Existing research on calcium's role in hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease lacks consistent findings.
• The preventive and therapeutic effects of calcium supplementation on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions remain unclear.

Purpose:

• To synthesize the current understanding of calcium intake's relationship with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality.
• To evaluate the evidence for calcium supplementation's effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Summary:

• Epidemiologic, experimental, and clinical studies on calcium intake and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases have yielded conflicting results.
• Concurrent preventive and therapeutic effects of calcium supplementation are not well-established.
• Adequate intake of calcium (≥600 mg/day) and magnesium (≥300 mg/day) is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention and general health.
• Restricting salt intake is also advised.

Impact:

• Highlights the need for further research to clarify calcium's role in cardiovascular health.
• Provides evidence-based recommendations for nutrient intake to support cardiovascular wellness.
• Emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet including adequate minerals and reduced sodium for public health.