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Attention-memory interactions in scene perception.

M M Silva1, J A Groeger, M F Bradshaw

  • 1Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. m.silva@surrey.ac.uk

Spatial Vision
|January 18, 2006
PubMed
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Schema-consistent objects are better recalled from natural scenes, regardless of attention allocation. This suggests attention is not critical for retrieving schema-consistent objects, but aids in recalling schema-inconsistent items.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Scene perception integrates prior knowledge with attentional processing.
  • Memory for objects depends on perception and understanding.
  • Conflicting literature exists on recalling schema-consistent versus schema-inconsistent objects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether schema-consistency effects on memory are due to attention or memory.
  • To directly manipulate attention allocation to schema-consistent and schema-inconsistent objects.
  • To clarify the role of attention in recalling objects from natural scenes.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were instructed to direct attention towards schema-consistent objects, schema-inconsistent objects, or equally to both.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Object recall and recognition were assessed.
  • Attention allocation and object fixation were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Schema-consistent objects were recalled better than schema-inconsistent objects, irrespective of attention allocation.
    • Object recognition was independent of schema-consistency but influenced by task instructions.
    • Attention was crucial for remembering low-level object details and information not supported by active schemas.

    Conclusions:

    • Attention is not critical for retrieving objects consistent with a scene's schema.
    • Prior knowledge of scenes facilitates recall of non-fixated objects.
    • Attention is required for recognition when scene knowledge is absent.