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Related Experiment Videos

Time patterns of attempted suicide.

Hanna Valtonen1, Kirsi Suominen, Timo Partonen

  • 1Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FI-00300 Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|January 18, 2006
PubMed
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Suicide attempts show distinct time patterns, peaking in autumn and varying with mental health conditions like mood and substance use disorders. Late-night health service contact was common, raising concerns about psychiatric support adequacy.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The temporal patterns of suicide attempts in relation to mental disorders remain poorly understood.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for effective public health interventions and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal variations in suicide attempts.
  • To explore the association between specific mental disorders and the timing of suicide attempts.
  • To examine the timing of health service contacts among individuals attempting suicide.

Main Methods:

  • A one-year prospective study of all suicide attempts admitted to healthcare in Helsinki.
  • Clinical diagnoses were made according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10).

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Main Results:

  • Suicide attempt rates varied significantly over the year, with peaks in autumn and lows in winter.
  • Substance use disorders were strongly associated with weekend suicide attempts.
  • Mood disorders exhibited considerable temporal variation, unlike schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
  • Most individuals contacted health services late in the evening or around midnight.
  • Those seeking help outside standard hours received less frequent psychiatric consultation and aftercare referrals.

Conclusions:

  • Marked temporal patterns in suicide attempts were observed, particularly in mood and substance use disorders.
  • Schizophrenia spectrum disorders showed less temporal fluctuation in suicide attempts.
  • The timing of health service contact suggests potential gaps in psychiatric support and aftercare planning, especially during off-peak hours.