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Cluster kinetics and dynamics during spinodal decomposition.

Jiao Yang1, Benjamin J McCoy, Giridhar Madras

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|January 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Spinodal decomposition, a barrierless phase transition, is linked to homogeneous nucleation in metastable fluids. This study explores cluster aggregation and phase separation dynamics, revealing two distinct time regimes for domain growth.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Spinodal decomposition is a spontaneous phase separation driven by thermodynamic instability.
  • Conventional views often separate spinodal decomposition from homogeneous nucleation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spinodal decomposition under conditions favoring barrierless phase transitions.
  • To explore the relationship between spinodal decomposition and homogeneous nucleation of metastable fluids.
  • To model cluster aggregation and phase separation dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing population balance equations to model cluster aggregation.
  • Employing the moment technique for analytical solutions with integer mass dependencies.
  • Applying numerical methods for noninteger mass dependencies.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that small critical nucleus sizes (less than unity) are consistent with negligible energy barriers.
  • Showcased how population balance equations describe rapid phase separation through cluster aggregation.
  • Identified two time regimes in domain growth: early-time power law (exponent 1/3) and later linear increase.

Conclusions:

  • Spinodal decomposition can be related to homogeneous nucleation in metastable fluids, challenging conventional perspectives.
  • The proposed models accurately predict the experimentally observed two-stage domain growth kinetics.
  • Aggregation rate coefficient mass dependencies significantly influence spinodal decomposition features.