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Growth patterns in the orbital region: a morphometric study.

L G Farkas1, J C Posnick, T M Hreczko

  • 1Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal : Official Publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Facial width growth in children shows distinct patterns. Intercanthal width matures early, while biocular width grows more gradually until adolescence, impacting facial development.

Area of Science:

  • Anthropometry
  • Pediatric growth studies
  • Craniofacial development

Background:

  • Understanding craniofacial growth is crucial for assessing normal development and identifying potential anomalies.
  • Previous studies have documented various aspects of facial growth, but detailed age-related data for specific facial widths are essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze age-related growth patterns of intercanthal (en-en) and biocular (ex-ex) widths in healthy North American Caucasian children.
  • To establish normative data for these facial measurements from 1 to 18 years.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 1,594 healthy North American Caucasians aged 1–18 years.
  • Data collected and analyzed for intercanthal and biocular widths, stratified by age and sex.

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Main Results:

  • By age 5, intercanthal width reached 93.3% and biocular width 88.1% of adult values.
  • Intercanthal width showed minimal growth after age 1, with rapid spurts between 3–4 years.
  • Biocular width exhibited continuous, albeit slower, growth until skeletal maturity (females: 13 years; males: 15 years).

Conclusions:

  • Intercanthal width matures significantly earlier (females: 8 years; males: 11 years) than biocular width.
  • Biocular width demonstrates a longer growth period, contributing more to overall facial width development in later childhood and adolescence.