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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum
Published on: March 21, 2019
Neuromuscular-skeletal origins of predominant patterns of coordination in rhythmic two-joint arm movement
Aymar de Rugy1, Stephan Riek, Richard G Carson
1Perception and Motor Systems Laboratory, School of Human Movement Studies, Room, 424, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 424, Australia. aymar@hms.uq.edu.au
Abstract:
The authors tested for predominant patterns of coordination in the combination of rhythmic flexion-extension (FE) and supination- (SP) at the elbow-joint complex. Participants (N=10) spontaneously established in-phase (supination synchronized with flexion) and antiphase (pronation synchronized with flexion) patterns. In addition, the authors used a motorized robot arm to generate involuntary SP movements with different phase relations with respect to voluntary FE. The involuntarily induced in-phase pattern was accentuated and was more consistent than other patterns. The result provides evidence that the predominance of the in-phase pattern originates in the influence of neuromuscular-skeletal constraints rather than in a preference dictated by perceptual-cognitive factors implicated in voluntary control. Neuromuscular-skeletal constraints involved in the predominance of the in-phase and the antiphase patterns are discussed.
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