Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 13, 2026
09:38
Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
Published on: September 12, 2016
Multiple sclerosis: advances in understanding, diagnosing, and treating the underlying disease
Robert J Fox1, Francois Bethoux, Myla D Goldman
1Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA. foxr@ccf.org
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
|February 1, 2006
Summary
Advances in diagnosing and monitoring multiple sclerosis (MS) improve treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is key for diagnosis, with treatments focusing on relapses, symptoms, and preventing tissue damage.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroimmunology
- Radiology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurologic disorder impacting the central nervous system.
- Understanding MS diagnosis, pathology, and monitoring has evolved significantly.
- Effective management requires a multifaceted approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline recent advancements in multiple sclerosis (MS) care.
- To highlight the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in MS diagnosis.
- To describe the current treatment paradigms for MS.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on MS diagnosis and treatment.
- Emphasis on the integration of advanced imaging techniques, particularly MRI.
- Categorization of therapeutic strategies into distinct pathways.
Main Results:
- Improved diagnostic accuracy and monitoring capabilities for MS.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone of modern MS diagnosis.
- Successful treatment strategies now encompass relapse management, symptom control, and neuroprotection.
Conclusions:
- Recent progress has enhanced the successful treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS).
- Integrated diagnostic and monitoring approaches, including MRI, are crucial.
- A comprehensive treatment strategy addresses relapses, symptoms, and long-term tissue preservation.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
01:29Autoimmune Disorders
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
01:20Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...