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Understanding paradigms used for nursing research.

Kathryn Weaver1, Joanne K Olson

  • 1EQUIPP Postdoctoral Fellow, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada. kweaver@unb.ca

Journal of Advanced Nursing
|February 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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This paper clarifies nursing research paradigms and proposes integrative strategies for knowledge development. It suggests a pragmatic approach to synthesize existing knowledge and fill gaps for better nursing practice.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing Research
  • Philosophy of Science
  • Knowledge Development

Background:

  • Paradigms are foundational beliefs guiding research inquiry.
  • Ontological, epistemological, and methodological differences exist between paradigms.
  • A unified understanding of nursing research paradigms is crucial for knowledge advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify nursing research paradigms.
  • To explore integrative strategies for nursing knowledge development.
  • To enhance the application of nursing knowledge in practice.

Main Methods:

  • Described the evolution of positivist, postpositivist, interpretive, and critical theory paradigms.
  • Employed an integrative review to compare and contrast paradigms.

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  • Analyzed philosophical underpinnings and scientific contributions.

    • Main Results:

    • Proposed a pragmatic approach for theory development via knowledge synthesis.
    • Advocated for assessing existing knowledge to identify gaps.
    • Recommended integrative strategies like parallel studies, theoretical triangulation, integrative reviews, and mixed methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Nurse scholars should evaluate paradigm benefits and limitations.
    • Addressing the discipline's theoretical needs is essential.
    • Integrated understanding of paradigms strengthens nursing knowledge.