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Humidified compared with dry, heated carbon dioxide at laparoscopy to reduce pain
Todd M Beste1, James A Daucher, Donald Holbert
1Division of General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27834, USA. bestet@mail.ecu.edu
Objective:
To study whether using 95% humidified, heated carbon dioxide (CO(2)) at laparoscopy reduces pain compared with dry, heated CO(2).
Methods:
Patients were randomly assigned to either heated, 95% humidified CO(2) (study group) or heated, dry CO(2) (control group) during laparoscopy. Pain control was achieved per standard protocols. Pain scales were administered the first 4 hours and 24 and 48 hours postoperatively.
Results:
The 89 patients available in the intent-to-treat model revealed a decrease in total morphine equivalents and a decrease in pain scores at 1, 2, and 24 hours in the study group (directional P values < .05). Subgroup analysis in patients without chronic pelvic pain revealed lower mean pain scores at 1, 2, 24, and 48 hours and decreases in postoperative and total morphine equivalents (directional P values < .05) in the study group.
Conclusion:
At laparoscopy, heated, 95% humidified CO(2) effectively decreases postoperative pain and narcotics usage compared with heated, dry CO(2).
Level Of Evidence:
II-2.
