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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

System for Focal, Closed-System Central Nervous System Injury
Published on: November 29, 2024
Circumstance and outcome of ocular paintball injuries
Craig M Greven1, Alice L Bashinsky
1Wake Forest University Eye Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1033, USA. cgreven@wfubmc.edu
Purpose:
To determine the circumstance and outcome of ocular injuries attributable to paintball projectiles.
Design:
Retrospective interventional case series.
Methods:
Institutional review board approved retrospective chart review of 19 consecutive eyes with paintball injuries with minimum follow-up of 3 months.
Results:
Ten eyes (53%) had final visual acuity of 20/40 or better, while seven (36%) were 20/200 or worse. Ten eyes were injured in paintball games, (two formal and eight informal), while nine (47%) were injured by accidents or assaults not associated with any "game."
Conclusions:
Paintball injuries often cause severe and permanent visual loss. Nearly half of these injuries occur outside a war game setting as accidents or assaults.
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