Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026
Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
Published on: November 7, 2014
Epidemiology of gait disorders in community-residing older adults
Joe Verghese1, Aaron LeValley, Charles B Hall
1Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. jverghese@aecom.yu.edu
Objectives:
To study the epidemiology of gait disorders in community-residing older adults and their association with death and institutionalization.
Design:
Community-based cohort study.
Setting:
Bronx County and the research center at Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Participants:
The Einstein Aging study recruited 488 adults aged 70 to 99 between 1999 and 2001. At entry and during annual visits over 5 years, subjects received clinical evaluations to determine presence of neurological or nonneurological gait abnormalities.
Measurements:
Prevalence and incidence of gait disorders based on clinical evaluations and time to institutionalization and death.
Results:
Of 468 subjects (95.9%) with baseline gait evaluations, 168 had abnormal gaits: 70 neurological, 81 nonneurological, and 17 both. Prevalence of abnormal gait was 35.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 28.6-42.1). Incidence of abnormal gait was 168.6 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI = 117.4-242.0) and increased with age. Men had a higher incidence of neurological gait abnormalities, whereas women had a higher incidence of nonneurological gaits. Abnormal gaits were associated with greater risk of institutionalization and death (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.2, 95% CI =1.5-3.2). The risk was strongly related to severity of impairment; subjects with moderate to severe gait abnormalities (HR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.9-5.2) were at higher risk than those with mild gait abnormalities (HR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0-2.8).
Conclusion:
The incidence and prevalence of gait disorders are high in community-residing older adults and are associated with greater risk of institutionalization and death.
