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Infectious mononucleosis in adolescents.
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester.
Pediatric Annals
|April 1, 1991
Summary
Infectious mononucleosis, caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), presents variably in adolescents. Diagnosis relies on clinical signs, lab tests, and serology, guiding management and recovery.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a common manifestation of primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in adolescents.
- Clinical presentations of IM are diverse, often fitting into pharyngeal, glandular, or febrile syndromes, but nonclassic forms also occur.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the clinical, laboratory, and serologic features of infectious mononucleosis.
- To provide a framework for diagnosis, management, and understanding the clinical course of IM.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and diagnostic criteria for IM.
- Discussion of management strategies, including supportive care, corticosteroids, and antiviral considerations.
Main Results:
- IM diagnosis is supported by lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes and abnormal liver chemistries.
- Serologic confirmation via heterophile antibodies or EBV-specific tests is crucial.
- Splenic rupture and neurologic complications are potential nonclassic presentations.
Conclusions:
- Recognizing IM syndromes aids in anticipating clinical course and complications.
- Management focuses on supportive care, with specific indications for corticosteroids.
- Guidelines for activity resumption are essential, particularly for patients with splenomegaly.