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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

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Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
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Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
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Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...
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Cellular respiration is a fundamental metabolic process that enables organisms to generate energy from organic molecules. One of its central pathways is the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, which plays a crucial role in energy production and biosynthetic processes.Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoAThe pyruvate generated from glycolysis undergoes oxidative decarboxylation by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, producing acetyl-CoA, one molecule of NADH, and one...
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Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
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Most eukaryotic organisms require oxygen to survive and function adequately. Such organisms produce large amounts of energy during aerobic respiration by metabolizing glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water. However, most eukaryotes can generate some energy in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic metabolism.
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Related Experiment Videos

Lactic acid fermentation in cell-recycle membrane bioreactor.

B Choudhury1, T Swaminathan

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|February 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Cell-recycle fermentation significantly boosts lactic acid production by achieving high cell density and productivity. This method overcomes traditional limitations, offering a more efficient bioprocess for lactic acid.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biochemical Engineering
  • Industrial Microbiology

Background:

  • Traditional lactic acid fermentation methods face challenges with low productivity and product purity.
  • Cell-recycle fermentation is a promising strategy to achieve high cell density, thereby enhancing productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lactic acid fermentation using a cell-recycle membrane bioreactor at elevated substrate concentrations.
  • To evaluate the impact of cell recycling on cell density and productivity in lactic acid fermentation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cell-recycle membrane bioreactor for lactic acid fermentation.
  • Operated at high substrate concentrations (100 and 120 g/dm3).
  • Employed cell bleeding and reduced yeast extract concentration to control cell density.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a maximum cell density of 145 g/dm3.
  • Reached a maximum productivity of 34 g/(dm3.h).
  • Observed continuous cell density increase even after complete substrate consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-recycle fermentation is highly effective in increasing cell density and productivity for lactic acid production.
  • The method demonstrates potential for overcoming limitations of traditional fermentation processes.
  • Cell density control strategies are viable for optimizing cell-recycle fermentation.