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Related Experiment Videos

A pseudodifferential amplifier for bioelectric events with DC-offset compensation using two-wired amplifying

Thomas Degen1, Heinz Jäckel

  • 1Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engeering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland. thomes.degen@ieee.org

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
|February 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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This study introduces a novel bioelectric amplifier with high on-electrode gain, reducing noise and enabling smaller cables. A software-based method compensates for electrode gain differences, achieving excellent common-mode rejection for improved bio-signal recording.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Traditional active electrodes often have unity gain, requiring multiple wires, leading to bulky setups and increased noise.
  • Achieving high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) with on-electrode amplification is challenging due to component tolerances affecting electrode gain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bioelectric amplifier with significant on-electrode amplification (40 dB) to minimize noise pickup.
  • To enable a two-wire electrode system for reduced cable bulk and improved flexibility.
  • To introduce a software-based method for compensating electrode gain differences and improving CMRR.

Main Methods:

  • Amplifier design with 40 dB on-electrode gain and a DC-offset cancellation scheme (+/- 250 mV range).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Generation of a pseudodifferential signal to facilitate software-based gain compensation.
  • Characterization of the amplifier system, measuring input-referred noise and CMRR.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved a high CMRR of 78 dB (without a driven-right-leg circuit) for the prototype.
    • Demonstrated the ability to measure low-frequency signals down to DC, including slow-varying physiological events.
    • Successfully recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, validating the system's applicability.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed amplifier effectively minimizes noise by amplifying signals at the source.
    • The software-based gain compensation method overcomes a key limitation in active electrode systems.
    • The system enables high-quality bio-signal acquisition with reduced hardware complexity, suitable for applications like EEG and ECG.