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Selective advantage for multicellular replicative strategies: a two-cell example.

Emmanuel Tannenbaum1

  • 1Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel. etannenb@gmail.com

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 21, 2006
PubMed
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A new quasispecies model reveals that a two-cell survival strategy, where one cell sacrifices replication, outcompetes single-cell survival at low resources. This strategy drives the evolution of multicellularity.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Theoretical biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Single-cell organisms face challenges in resource-limited environments.
  • The evolution of multicellularity is a key transition in life's history.
  • Quasispecies theory models the evolution of replicators with high mutation rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and analyze a quasispecies model for a two-cell survival strategy.
  • To investigate the conditions under which cooperative cell strategies emerge.
  • To explore the link between cellular cooperation and the evolution of multicellularity.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a simplified quasispecies model.
  • Mathematical analysis of evolutionary dynamics.
  • Solving for steady states using standard quasispecies theory approaches.

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Main Results:

  • The two-cell strategy is advantageous at low concentrations of limiting resources.
  • The single-cell strategy dominates at high concentrations of limiting resources.
  • A localization-delocalization transition in the genome coding for the multicellular strategy was observed, analogous to error catastrophe.

Conclusions:

  • Natural selection can act on replicative strategies rather than individual cells.
  • Individual cells can be viewed as vehicles for propagating replicative strategies.
  • This model provides a framework for understanding the emergence of multicellularity from a population dynamics perspective.