Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2026

A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice
06:27

A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice

Published on: July 20, 2022

Disposition of ceftazidime after intraperitoneal administration in adolescent patients receiving continuous cycling

Laura L Sisterhen1, Cindy D Stowe, Hank C Farrar

  • 1University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Medicine, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|February 24, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Continuous intraperitoneal ceftazidime effectively treats peritonitis in children on continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD). A maintenance dose without a loading dose achieved therapeutic antibiotic levels within 4 hours, persisting for 24 hours.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacokinetics

Background:

  • Peritonitis is a common complication in pediatric continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD).
  • Current guidelines recommend combined intraperitoneal antibiotics for peritonitis treatment.
  • The study investigated an alternative dosing strategy for ceftazidime.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a continuous maintenance dose of intraperitoneal ceftazidime without a loading dose.
  • To determine if this regimen achieves adequate serum and dialysate concentrations for peritonitis treatment in pediatric CCPD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Five pediatric patients on CCPD received continuous intraperitoneal ceftazidime (125 mg/L).
  • Serum, dialysate, and urine samples were collected over 24 hours.
  • Ceftazidime concentrations were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Main Results:

  • Mean serum ceftazidime concentrations exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) within 4 hours and persisted.
  • Mean dialysate ceftazidime concentrations also surpassed MIC levels within 4 hours.
  • Serum bioavailability at 24 hours was 74% ± 6%.

Conclusions:

  • A continuous maintenance dose of intraperitoneal ceftazidime is effective in treating peritonitis in pediatric CCPD patients.
  • This dosing strategy achieves therapeutic antibiotic levels rapidly and sustains them for 24 hours.
  • The findings support ceftazidime monotherapy without a loading dose for pediatric CCPD peritonitis.
Abstract

More Related Videos

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Related Concept Videos

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications01:25

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure01:30

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:30

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...