Splenic rupture in a premature neonate

Area of Science:

• Neonatal medicine
• Pediatric surgery
• Trauma care

Background:

• Splenic injuries are exceptionally uncommon in newborns.
• Intra-abdominal injuries in neonates pose significant risks.
• Early diagnosis is critical for managing potentially fatal conditions.

Observation:

• A case of splenic injury in a premature, very low-birth-weight neonate is presented.
• The neonate experienced splenic rupture.
• The patient survived with no neurological deficits.

Findings:

• This report details the first documented survival of a very low-birth-weight neonate with splenic rupture and intact neurology.
• The case underscores the importance of high clinical suspicion for neonatal splenic injury.
• Literature review covers etiologies, mechanisms, and management strategies for splenic injuries in neonates.

Implications:

• Highlights the need for heightened awareness and prompt diagnosis of rare neonatal abdominal injuries.
• Suggests that even severe splenic injuries in premature neonates can be survivable with good neurological outcomes.
• Informs clinical practice regarding the management of neonatal splenic trauma.