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Analog pixel array detectors.

A Ercan1, M W Tate, S M Gruner

  • 1School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|February 24, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Analog-integrating pixel array detectors (APADs) excel at capturing rapid X-ray imaging events. This study details APAD designs, including flash and continuous streaming capabilities, for advanced X-ray applications.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • X-ray pixel array detectors (PADs) are typically categorized as digital photon counters (DPADs) or analog-integrating pixel array detectors (APADs).
  • APADs are particularly suitable for X-ray imaging experiments requiring the capture of transient or high instantaneous flux events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on experiences with APADs developed at Cornell University.
  • To discuss the design, characterization, and experimental applications of various APAD designs.

Main Methods:

  • Development and testing of several APAD designs, including a "flash" architecture for rapid image capture.
  • Implementation of a design combining flash capability with continuous image streaming.
  • Progress towards radiation-hardened, tileable APADs and a mixed-mode PAD.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful radiography experiments using a prototype flash APAD.
  • Developed APADs capable of storing integrated X-ray images for off-chip digitization in nanosecond durations.
  • Achieved continuous X-ray image streaming at millisecond rates and made progress on radiation-hardened and mixed-mode detectors.

Conclusions:

  • APADs offer versatile solutions for diverse X-ray imaging needs, from high-speed transient event capture to continuous monitoring.
  • The developed APAD designs provide enhanced capabilities for advanced X-ray imaging experiments.
  • Ongoing advancements aim for larger area coverage and improved radiation tolerance in future detector systems.