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Renal stone epidemiology in Rochester, Minnesota: an update.
J C Lieske1, L S Peña de la Vega, J M Slezak
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Lieske.John@mayo.edu
Kidney International
|March 7, 2006
Summary
Nephrolithiasis (kidney stone) incidence remained stable overall in Rochester from 1970-2000. However, male kidney stone rates decreased while female rates increased, altering the male-to-female ratio.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Urology
Background:
- Western countries report rising nephrolithiasis (NL) incidence.
- Previous studies suggest a 20th-century increase in kidney stone disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update nephrolithiasis (NL) epidemiology data in Rochester, MN, from 1970 to 2000.
- To analyze trends in kidney stone incidence by sex and age over three decades.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of Rochester residents' medical records from 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000.
- Identification of individuals meeting criteria for symptomatic kidney stones.
- Age-adjusted incidence rates calculated for men and women.
Main Results:
- Overall NL incidence remained relatively stable.
- Male incidence rates declined by 1.7% annually (P=0.019), while female rates increased by 1.9% annually (P=0.064).
- The male-to-female ratio decreased from 3.1 to 1.3.
Conclusions:
- Nephrolithiasis (NL) incidence trends diverged by sex between 1970 and 2000.
- Declining rates in men and increasing rates in women warrant further investigation into causative factors.