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Feasibility of using web-based questionnaires in large population-based epidemiological studies.

Alexandra Ekman1, Paul W Dickman, Asa Klint

  • 1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Alexandra.ekman@ki.se

European Journal of Epidemiology
|March 7, 2006
PubMed
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Web-based questionnaires are effective for large epidemiological studies in Sweden, achieving a 72% overall response rate. This method showed minimal bias compared to paper questionnaires, making it a feasible data collection tool.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Large-scale web-based epidemiological studies are uncommon.
  • Sweden's high internet penetration (over 80%) offers unique opportunities for web-based research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess response rates in a web-based epidemiological study.
  • To compare socio-demographic patterns between web and paper questionnaire responders.
  • To evaluate potential bias introduced by web-based data collection.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study invited 47,859 women to a web questionnaire in 2003.
  • Reminders included paper questionnaires for a subset of non-responders.
  • Analysis compared socio-demographic variables between web, paper, and non-responders.

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Main Results:

  • Overall response rate was 72% (41% web, 31% paper).
  • Web and paper responders did not significantly differ in age, physical activity, or BMI.
  • Responders (both web and paper) had higher education/income and lower smoking rates than non-responders.
  • Bias from web questionnaires was comparable to paper questionnaires.

Conclusions:

  • Web-based questionnaires are a feasible and effective tool for large population-based epidemiological studies in Sweden.
  • This method demonstrates comparable bias to traditional paper methods.
  • The study highlights Sweden's suitability for digital health research.