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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy
Published on: August 1, 2013
Immunoadjuvant chaperone, GRP170, induces 'danger signals' upon interaction with dendritic cells
Masoud H Manjili1, Jun-Eui Park, John G Facciponte
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Centre, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA. mmanjili@vcu.edu
Glucose-regulated protein 170 (GRP170) acts as a danger signal, interacting with dendritic cells (DCs) to initiate antitumour immune responses. This occurs independently of endotoxin contamination, highlighting GRP170
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Glucose-regulated protein 170 (GRP170) chaperones tumour antigens, potentially inducing antitumour immune responses.
- The immunoadjuvant properties of GRP170 may involve its capacity to signal danger through interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether GRP170's interaction with APCs, specifically dendritic cells (DCs), elicits danger signals.
- To determine if GRP170 can induce DC maturation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion independently of endotoxin.
Main Methods:
- Recombinant GRP170 was prepared using a baculovirus expression system with minimal endotoxin levels.
- The effect of GRP170 on dendritic cells (DCs) and B16F10 melanoma cells was assessed.
- Receptor-mediated binding, DC surface molecule expression (MHC class II, CD86, CD40), and cytokine secretion were analyzed.
Main Results:
- GRP170 binds to DCs via a receptor-mediated mechanism.
- GRP170 induces DCs to upregulate MHC class II, CD86, and CD40, and to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- GRP170 also induced CD40 expression on B16F10 cells, an effect not observed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Conclusions:
- GRP170 functions as a danger signal by interacting with DCs, promoting immune activation.
- This danger signal activity is independent of endotoxin contamination, suggesting a direct role for GRP170.
- GRP170 holds potential as an immunoadjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.
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