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Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of human brain development.

Pratik Mukherjee1, Robert C McKinstry

  • 1Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology, University of California at San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA. pratik@radiology.ucsf.edu

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|March 18, 2006
PubMed
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) offers a noninvasive view of brain development, revealing microstructural changes and connectivity from infancy to adulthood. This technique aids in assessing brain maturation and diagnosing disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional MRI lacks sensitivity to early microstructural changes in the developing brain.
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) provides enhanced visualization of neural organization.
  • Understanding brain maturation is crucial for diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of DTI and fiber tractography in studying human brain development.
  • To highlight DTI's role in visualizing early cerebral architecture and white matter development.
  • To explore DTI's potential in assessing abnormal brain maturation and connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) for microstructural analysis.
  • Quantitative measures like mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Three-dimensional fiber tractography for axonal connectivity mapping.
  • Main Results:

    • DTI enables visualization of cerebral laminar architecture and developing white matter.
    • Reproducible quantitative DTI measures reflect tissue properties and developmental milestones.
    • Fiber tractography reveals developing and aberrant axonal connectivity.

    Conclusions:

    • DTI provides novel insights into human brain maturation.
    • DTI and fiber tractography enhance the diagnostic evaluation of congenital, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
    • DTI promises to improve the assessment of abnormal brain development.