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Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
Published on: October 13, 2018
Female genital mutilation of a karyotypic male presenting as a female with delayed puberty
M Ellaithi1, T Nilsson, D Gisselsson
1Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. Ellaithi_mona@yahoo.com
Background:
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is commonly practiced mainly in a belt reaching from East to West Africa north of the equator. The practice is known across socio-economic classes and among different ethnic, religious, and cultural groups. Few studies have been appropriately designed to measure the health effects of FGM. However, the outcome of FGM on intersex individuals has never been discussed before.
Case Presentation:
The patient first presented as a female with delayed puberty. Hormonal analysis revealed a normal serum prolactin level of 215 Micro/L, a low FSH of 0.5 Micro/L, and a low LH of 1.1 Micro/L. Type IV FGM (Pharaonic circumcision) had been performed during childhood. Chromosomal analysis showed a 46, XY karyotype and ultrasonography verified a soft tissue structure in the position of the prostate.
Conclusion:
FGM pose a threat to the diagnosis and management of children with abnormal genital development in the Sudan and similar societies.
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