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Longitudinal mitral annulus velocities are reduced in hypertensive subjects with or without left ventricle

Maria Cândida C Borges1, Roberta C R Colombo, José Geraldo F Gonçalves

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|April 6, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension reduces mitral annulus velocities, indicating impaired heart function even before significant left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) develops. These changes correlate with increased LV mass in hypertensive patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common adaptation to hypertension.
  • Early detection of diastolic and systolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients is crucial.
  • Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) offers insights into myocardial function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hypertension and LVH on mitral annulus motion using TDI.
  • To assess early signs of cardiac dysfunction in hypertensive individuals.
  • To correlate mitral annular velocities with left ventricular mass index (LVMI).

Main Methods:

  • Conventional echocardiography and TDI of mitral annulus motion were performed.
  • Subjects included normotensive, hypertensive without LVH, and hypertensive with LVH groups.
  • Analysis focused on systolic (SM) and diastolic (EM) annular velocities and LVMI.

Main Results:

  • Midwall fractional shortening was reduced in hypertensive subjects with LVH.
  • Mitral wave A velocity increased in hypertensive subjects (with or without LVH).
  • TDI-derived SM and EM velocities were reduced in hypertensive subjects, correlating negatively with LVMI.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced mitral annular systolic and diastolic velocities in hypertensive patients parallel increases in LV mass.
  • These functional changes occur even at LV mass within clinically normal ranges.
  • TDI can detect early cardiac dysfunction in hypertension before overt LVH is apparent.

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