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Finite-time thermodynamics: Engine performance improved by optimized piston motion.

M Mozurkewich1, R S Berry

  • 1Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 1, 1981
PubMed
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Finite-time thermodynamics optimizes Otto cycles by accounting for friction and heat loss. This approach enhances engine effectiveness and power output by approximately 10% compared to conventional designs.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Engineering

Background:

  • The Otto cycle is a fundamental model for internal combustion engines.
  • Real-world engines experience inefficiencies like friction and heat leakage.
  • Optimizing engine performance under realistic conditions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal operating conditions for an Otto cycle considering friction and heat loss.
  • To maximize work output per cycle and engine power.
  • To improve the second-law efficiency of engines.

Main Methods:

  • Application of finite-time thermodynamics principles.
  • Analysis of an Otto cycle model incorporating friction and heat leakage.
  • Optimization of the time path for cycle operation at a fixed frequency.

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Main Results:

  • An optimal time path for the Otto cycle was identified.
  • The optimized cycle demonstrated a significant improvement in performance.
  • Effectiveness (second-law efficiency) was enhanced by approximately 10%.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-time thermodynamics provides a viable method for optimizing engine cycles.
  • Accounting for irreversibilities like friction and heat loss leads to substantial performance gains.
  • The findings offer a pathway to more efficient engine design.